Many brain therapies require insertion of probes into the brain. Inserting therapeutic probes into the brain of patients inevitably leads to the formation of a glial scar. This process is mediated by microglia and astrocytes, 2 inflammatory cells residing in the brain. Here we see the intricate structure of the scar formed around a 200um implant. Notice the tight sheath formed by microglia (Red) and astrocytes (green). Also shown in this image are other cell nuclei (blue) and neurons (purple).